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आयतन 4, मुद्दा 9 (2015)

शोध आलेख

Throughput Port Demand Forecasting

Jeffrey E. Jarrett

Forecasts are numerical estimates of the future levels of sales, demand, inventories, costs imports, exports and prices, among others. For a firm, industry, a sector of the economy or the aggregate economy let alone factors such as international trade and finance. The objective is to assist management in planning, budgeting, marketing efforts, materials requirements, sustainability, the refuse from power production and efforts to restrain the effects of pollution on climate change. We indicate several procedures which are relatively easier to compute, more accurate and not dependent on finding predictor (or explanatory) variables which have coefficients of correlation which are small. By using one set of data, (port demand in units), we do short-term forecasting of up to twelve periods which are less data dependent and produce forecasts which do not require a huge investment in computer and personnel time.

शोध आलेख

Traditional Critical Path Method versus Critical Chain Project Management: A Comparative View

Mohammed Shurrab

Critical Chain Project Management (CCPM) provided a tangible progress to the Project Management Body of Knowledge. The Critical Chain Project Management (CCPM) differs from the traditional Critical Path Method (CPM) which includes never changing resource dependencies. CCPM improves the project plan by aggregating uncertainty into buffers at the end of activity paths. In this research, one hundred twenty random projects were generated and analyzed using Microsoft Project software according to the traditional CPM and the CCPM once using the Sum of Squares (SSQ) method and another using the cut and past (C&PM) method. CCPM-SSQ method revealed an average savings of 13% and 43% in duration and cost, with a standard deviation of 21 and 11 for duration and cost respectively. While the CCPM-C&PM method revealed an average overestimation of about 2% in duration and 43% savings in cost, with a standard deviation of 25 and 11 for duration and cost respectively.

राय लेख

Research Elegance Consists of the Symbiotic Exchange of Education

Rudrarup Gupta

Research is a continuous symbolic analysis of the inculcated thoughts in such experimental academic platform, where the researcher shall be in a reliable position to find an agreeable solution of the same within a short while. Nothing can split both the research cognition and that very person apart. Because a person does perceive regarding something through his/her envious strength then that very person does search for supportive variables to enhance the matured envision of that specific thinking in deed. Thereafter if the elements of the research are found or extensively available then the next robust movement is to frame the findings, which must have a communicable justification and the world-wide consequence for each and every individual to understand the valid eloquence of that specific content.

समीक्षा लेख

Investment Climate in Bangladesh: Performance and Possibilities

Md. Joynal Abdin

Bangladesh achieved lower-middle income country’s status from the World Bank in July 2015. It’s GNI per capita raised into USD 1314 in 2014-15 FY from USD 1184 and USD 1054 in 2012-13 and 2013-14 Fiscal Years respectively. The government of Bangladesh declared Vision 2021 to be a higher middle income country by the year 2021. Therefor it has only 6 years in hand to raise GNI per capita from existing USD 1314 into USD 4126 to become a higher middle income country. There are many other challenges in front of it like; about 31.5% population is living below poverty line, there are 56.7 million workable populations in Bangladesh with 2 million unemployed populations. About 1.8 million educated workforces are entering into the job market in each year. GDP Growth rate is rotating around 6% to 6.6% during last decades, but it has to be increased into 8% to 10% to facilitate employment generation and poverty alleviation in Bangladesh. A huge amount of new investment is required to increase GDP growth and employment rate up to the desired level. There are options to increase local investment as well as go for foreign direct investment but preparations shall be taken in time. Otherwise Vision 2021 may not be achieved even by the year 2031. This is the time to compare Bangladesh’s performance in local and foreign investment attraction with its competitor countries. Current investment attraction tools using by the government of Bangladesh could be rechecked and initiate effective corrective measures as, when and where required.

शोध आलेख

Asymmetric Business Cycle Effects on US Sectoral Stock Returns

Keran Song and Prasad VB

Two models are developed in this paper in order to discuss possible asymmetric business cycle effects on US sectoral stock returns. One is a GARCH model with asymmetric explanatory variables and the other one is an ARCH-M model with asymmetric external regressors. In the second model, square root of conditional variance of the business cycle proxy is characterized as positive or negative risk, depending on the algebraic sign of past innovations driving the business cycle proxy. This helps to capture any asymmetric effects of positive and negative business cycle risk on returns. We find that some sectors change their cyclicities from expansions to recessions. Negative shocks to business cycles have most power to influence sectoral volatilities. Positive and negative parts of business cycle risk have same effects on some sectors but have opposite effects on other sectors. A general conclusion of both models is that business cycles has stronger effects than own sectoral effects in driving sectoral returns. 

शोध आलेख

Efficient Utilization of River Water: Constraints and Effects; Case of Alewuha Sub-basin in Raya Kobo-woreda for Irrigation Purposes

Molla Deribie Negash

This research describes the findings of efficient utilization of river water; constraints and effects; case of Alewuha sub-basin in Raya-kobo-woreda. With simple random particularly lottery method, 50 samples drawn out of 3500 in proportionate representatives. Based on this, the collected data through structured interview questionnaire was analyzed with descriptive statistics analysis. It describes; land fragmentation, lack of technology, management problem, nature of channel constructed, disease and lack of skilled man power, lack of budget to maintain the channel system and repair the damaged channel, lack of interaction among the farmers, bad seed bed preparation and types of irrigation they use as a major constraints and their effects on yield reduction (-) and households emigration (+). Farmers in that river basin should convert rain fed land in to irrigable land by making a channel and they should utilize the river wisely.
 
समीक्षा लेख

Significant Increase in Credit Risk According to IFRS 9: Implications for Financial Institutions

Dirk Beerbaum

This study explores the literature about definitions and concepts when a significant increase in credit risk is
achieved. In response to the financial crisis the IASB has introduced a new standard (IFRS 9) on impairment, which requires a three-step approach, which in general replaces the current incurred impairment model with a new expected loss model. This research paper summarizes alternative impairment models and particuarly focus on the significant detreortaion criteria, which is a corner stone of the new IFRS 9 impiamrnet model. The expected loss model is not completely new within the accounting literature. The study provides early insights into implemention of IFRS 9 on impairment, as IFRS 9 will become applicable 2018. It is also relevant for regulators, as it becomes obvious due to the non-existance of a dominant approach; the question arises if the regulator should provide more guidance to avoid that all companies purse completely different model resulting in decreasing comparability for investors. 
शोध आलेख

Paradigm Shift in the Management School from Traditional to an Eclectic Approach of Administrative Management

José G Vargas-Hernández and Arnulfo SM

The main purpose of this paper is to review the main theoretical and methodological and instrumental approaches of school management. It assumes that there is an urgent need to change the transcendental paradigm in the administration of a school. This will be achieved by proposing an alternative model, which is based primarily on a systemic approach, including the effectiveness as an indicator of high impact.
शोध आलेख

Ordinary Least Square (OLS) Estimators of Mushroom Market Supply in the City of Addis Ababa

Molla Deribie Negash

The overall study focuses to assess ordinary least square (OLS) estimators of mushroom market supply in the city of Addis Ababa. This study has analyzed and generalized interviewed and personally observed data from 60 observations done.
Price of mushroom and number of labors employed in the business are the relevant variables. Being exit from mushroom market via mushroom producers is as an expense of labor factor, rather not as an expense of price. Even if mushroom market supply model has less predictive power on mushroom market supply of the population function, market price and number of labors employed in the production has direct relationship with mushroom market supply, citrus paribus.
So Ethiopia, as labor intensive strategic country, every mushroom supplier should extensively utilize this
resource to enhance mushroom market supply. Anyone who is going to repeat this research cannot include price of mushroom and labor as a factor in favor of other relevant exogenous variables. 
समीक्षा लेख

Management Strategy for Mechanical Trade Systems: Brief Review

Musaev Alexander Azerovich, Anantchenko Igor Viktorovitch and Gazul Stanislav Mikhailovich

Brief review and comparative analysis of management strategies, implemented in creating of mechanical trading systems (or trading robots) are presented in the article. A requirement for formation of effective trading solutions is the key feature of formation of such strategies in conditions of chaotic dynamics of trade assets quotations. Their nonstationarity and extremely low level of predictability are specific for the majority of processes observed in electronic exchanges. 
शोध आलेख

Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Reducing Office Employee Corruption

Eskandar Heidari

Corruption is a global issue which is as old as governments and human beings. No nation or society can claim to be equipped with perfect and flawless managerial and social systems. So, in order to manage corruption, managers of organizations pay much due attention to causes and cures of corruption issue. The purpose of this study is to study the effect of organizational citizenship behavior on reduction of office workers corruption. To this end, in 2010, the head offices in West Azerbaijan province, including fifty-seven head offices were chosen as the target population of the present study. The target population included 250 participants (M.Sc. / MA and PhD holders). Data collection method employed was group random sampling. Statistical sample group included 152 participants from whom 147 questionnaires were handed back. Data analysis was performed on those 147 questionnaires. The result of the study pointed to the fact that organizational citizenship behavior produced an effect on the reduction of corruption in head office staff. 
शोध आलेख

Customer Oriented Marketing Capabilities and Firm Performance Mediated by New Product Development Capabilities and Moderated by Environmental Turbulence

Harram Aneeqa and Fozia M

This study is carried out to analyze the impact of customer oriented marketing capabilities on firm performance mediated by new product development capabilities. The manufacturing sector of Pakistan is selected for this study and data was collected from managers who are involved in marketing and product development decisions. The sample size for this research was 100. The results were analyzed using statistical tools. Reliability of data is measured through Cronbach’s Alpha, correlation, regression and mediating regression analysis was also assessed. The results were positive and all of the hypothesized relations were supported. This study is significant for the top level management of different organizations to improve their overall performance through marketing and new product development capabilities in order to retain their customers and to cope with ever dynamic market.

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