Krista Ritchie
Lifestyle choices and genetics are two types of risk factors for hypertension. Heritability estimates for BP range from 34–67%, according to studies of twins and family history. About 20% of the population variation in BP has been explained by the most recent paper on BP GWAS. Due to violations of shared environment assumptions, poor phenotyping practices in control cohorts, failure to account for epistasis, gene-gene and geneenvironment interactions and other non-genetic sources of phenotype modulation, twin studies may have overestimated heritability. GWAS may have underestimated heritability. The proposals of hypertension rules in significant nations comprise of the accompanying components: Dietary sodium reduction, weight loss, increased physical activity, quitting smoking and moderate alcohol consumption are some of the other strategies. Beyond race and culture, the guidelines for hypertension are generally the same in every country or region. By describing lifestyle changes based on the hypertension guidelines, we present a synopsis of gene-environment interactions associated with hypertension in this review. In the age of precision medicine, doctors who are in charge of managing hypertension should think about how genes interact with the environment and the right aspects of a healthy lifestyle can help prevent and treat hypertension. We briefly discussed how genetic and environmental factors interact with the components of the guidelines for hypertension; however, there is not yet sufficient evidence and the results of genetic factors frequently varied from study to study.
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