मधुमेह जटिलताओं और चिकित्सा जर्नल

High rates of microvascular and macrovascular disease-related morbidity and mortality are common in type 1 diabetes, which has a significant financial impact on society. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommends islet cell transplantation (ICT) as a treatment option for people with type 1 diabetes who suffer from debilitating hypoglycemia. This includes people who are in renal failure, where kidney transplantation may be necessary. Improving glycaemic control, reducing severe hypoglycemia, stabilizing glycaemic variability, and restoring awareness of hypoglycemia where it has been compromised are the primary goals of ICT.

One of the most severe and painful chronic complications of diabetes mellitus is diabetic foot (DF). Poor wound healing increases the risk of disability and death in diabetic patients1, 2 as well as the number of hospitalizations and lower limb amputations. The prevalence of DF has been estimated to be between 2.46 and 2.4 percent3 per year. Patients with healed foot ulcers have a higher than 50%4 incidence of recurrence after three years. As a result, diabetic foot is now a significant threat to public health.The regulation of bone turnover and the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus are both dependent on vitamin D, a pleiotropic steroid hormone. In addition, it is known to play a role in the inflammatory response, immune function, cell cycle regulation, and a number of chronic diseases, including diabetes and its complications5, 6. In addition, there is a correlation between vitamin D levels and HbA1c levels in diabetic patients7, and low vitamin D levels have also been linked to lower muscle strength8. Vitamin D deficiency affects approximately one billion people worldwide, primarily in the Middle East, China, Mongolia, and India9. It is interesting to note that the proportion is even higher during the winter.