Mukama Omar, Ndikubwimana Jean de Dieu, Muhammad Shamoon and Byong H Lee
Much attention has been devoted to melamine (MA) analysis in food products in accordance with the food safety standards. Aptamer-based analytical techniques thrived with the improvements in latest tools, analytical reagents and methods and most importantly iterative in vitro selection process known as systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). Aptamer-based techniques possess very high affinity and specificity towards contaminants and play a pivotal role in MA detection. However, success depends on the starting aptamer, selection of appropriate nanoparticle, target molecule(s) and characterization of advances in aptamer selection, strategies of preparing, treating the nanoparticles analytical system methods. Current review has focused to elaborate the key recent innovation in aptamer-based dual system construction for MA detection. We have also highlighted the promising types of aptamer-conjugated nanomaterial for the specific recognition of some other potential adulterants and food hazards. Finally, we proposed future directives in developing novel aptamer and further condition optimizations that could give high-throughput food-safety analysis method and melamine “zero tolerance” towards food safety incidents.
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