जर्नल ऑफ़ पीडियाट्रिक न्यूरोलॉजी एंड मेडिसिन

Background: Understanding the effect of biological factors on birth weight of new-borns has public health importance because these indicators are associated with infant health and survival and influence development and health in later life.
Aim: The study was undertaken to determine the birth weight and gestational age characteristics in south Indian babies and correlated to biological factors. Settings and design: A retrospective study of consecutive singleton live births, who delivered in the hospital in a metropolitan city of Bangalore, South India.
Materials and Methods: A cohort of singleton live births, born from January 2015 to May 2017 were analysed to determine the mean birth weight and gestation and influence of various biological factors such as gender of baby, birth order, mother’s age, obstetric complication such as PIH and Diabetes etc.
Results: Among a total of 2789 singleton live births, the mean birth weight was 2873.73 ± 498.6 g, mean gestation was 38.2 ± 2 weeks and Low Birth Weight (LBW) <2500 g was 19.1%. The Term, male, later births, older mothers above 30 years and pregnancy of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH) and diabetes were associated with statistically significant higher birth weight P=0.001, P=0.002, P=0.0001, P=0.001, P=0.0006 and P=0.0001, respectively.
Conclusion: The mean birth weight and gestation for singleton live births in South India were determined, as well as the statistically significant impact of various biological criteria.

Background: An eight-month old boy with the history of several admissions due to flu like symptoms was referred to our hospital with bicytopenia and significant growth in his head circumference.
Observation: After several diagnostic measures the biopsy of the bone marrow was taken for the flowcytometry with the suspicion of hematologic malignancy which lead to the diagnosis of T-cell Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The patient responded dramatically to the chemotherapeutic regimen.
Conclusion: Although it is rare but macrocephaly can be a presenting symptom of T-cell ALL and this should be considered in differential diagnosis.