सिविल और पर्यावरण इंजीनियरिंग जर्नल

Urban sprawl expansion is becoming a serious problem of many urban areas due to not much a picture of sprawl in priority, urban areas lack the infra structure and basic facilities like treated water supply, electricity, sanitation services. By the year 2016, Latifabad town accommodates 0.7 millions, which was essentially proposed for 60,000 people. Some of the problems of Latifabad town include excessive traffic congestion; pollution, increment infrastructure costs for community services; fragmentation of housing with low density areas and increase in energy consumption that causes social segregation and environmental degradation. For evaluating social and environmental impacts of sprawl, various factors were derived based on socio-environmental impacts. Quantitative results were generated using Yeh’s index of satisfaction and software SPSS; which were based on questionnaires having filled by 480 occupants. The average satisfaction index from this analysis is found out to be -41.1431, which shows a highly dissatisfaction level of residents of Latifabad town. Some smart growth opportunities can be useful in reducing the urban sprawl as to advertise the problem and raise awareness; to enforce population control, compact developments to suit their needs and enhance the use of new technology to facilitate more people to be able to work from home. The research is beneficial to reduce the sprawl as the result of this study can give the directions to local development authorities, if considered the research proposal results, the urban sprawl can be controlled at certain level.

Accumulation of storm water on road surfaces and the associated runoff result in environmental pollution problems, negative impact on durability of pavement and safety problems for the travelling public. Permeable pavement has been used to reduce imperviousness of paved surfaces and storm water runoff due to the presence of pores through which water passes into underneath layer of the pavement where the water is collected for treatment prior to discharge into the environment. As a result, permeable pavement is seen as an environmentally sustainable system. Although permeable pavement was initially developed for foot and bicycle traffic, because of sustainability benefits it provides, there is growing interest in advancing the use of permeable pavement in highway storm water management. This article presents trends in the application of permeable pavement in highway storm water management and some associated highway safety benefits.

In this study, the use of factorial design software is applied to evaluate efficiently factors influencing the adsorption capacity of activated carbon in treating textile dyes. Activated carbon is usually used to treat wastewater effluents from textile industries in order to remove textile dyes before discharge into the environment. Most treatment facilities, particularly large industrial or wastewater treatment facilities use continuous flow reactors or packed columns to treat the dye. Due to the limited residence time in these types of reactors, adsorption equilibrium is not necessarily reached, and the absorption rate becomes an important factor in this treatment process. Other factors influencing the capacity of activated carbon used in this study included pH, ionic strength, the type of the dye and the type of carbon. In this study, we use Minitab software to design an experiment to evaluate collectively these factors, each under various levels (33 × 22 factorial design). The novelty of this study is the utilization of factorial design in the experimental approach.