बायोसेंसर और बायोइलेक्ट्रॉनिक्स

Aptamer-based electrochemical biosensors represent a cutting-edge technology in the field of biosensing, offering high specificity and sensitivity for detecting a wide range of analytes. Central to their performance are the transducer components, which convert biochemical signals into measurable electrical signals. This paper reviews the assessment of transducer components in aptamer-based electrochemical biosensors, focusing on various material configurations that influence sensor performance. Key aspects such as material selection, fabrication techniques, and characterization methods are explored to provide a comprehensive understanding of their impact on sensor efficacy. The review highlights recent advancements, challenges, and future directions in optimizing transducer components to enhance the sensitivity, selectivity, and stability of aptamer-based electrochemical biosensors.

Hydrogels based on conductive polymers have emerged as a promising platform for wearable electrochemical biosensors, combining the advantageous properties of both hydrogels and conductive polymers to achieve sensitive, selective, and wearable biosensing devices. This comprehensive review explores the principles, design strategies, fabrication techniques, applications, challenges, and future perspectives of hydrogel-based conductive polymer biosensors for wearable applications. In recent years, wearable biosensors have gained significant attention due to their potential to revolutionize healthcare monitoring and diagnostics. These devices offer continuous, real-time monitoring of biomarkers such as glucose, lactate, and various ions in sweat or interstitial fluid. Among the various materials used for biosensor development, hydrogels and conductive polymers stand out for their biocompatibility, tunable properties, and ability to facilitate electron transfer.