जर्नल ऑफ एड्स एंड क्लिनिकल रिसर्च

Despite significant efforts to prevent and treat HIV-1 infection, HIV/AIDS continues to pose a significant threat to human health worldwide. Even though combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) can stop HIV-1 from reproducing, it can't get rid of the proviral DNA that is embedded in the human genome. Because of this, it needs to be taken for the rest of one's life and may cause side effects. Cas9-related gene-editing systems, which are clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated nuclease 9 (Cas9) related, have been developed and designed as effective treatments for HIV-1 infection in recent years. However, new gene-targeting tools, such as base editor, prime editor, SHERLOCK, DETECTR, PAC-MAN, ABACAS, and pfAGO, have been developed and improved for the purpose of detecting pathogens and correcting diseases. These tools are derived from or function in the same way as CRISPR/Cas9. On the basis of research on the molecular basis of HIV-1 infection, we provide additional gene-editing targets and a summary of recent research on HIV-1/AIDS gene therapy. Additionally, we identify the strategies and potential applications of these brand-new gene-editing technologies for future HIV/AIDS treatment. In addition, we discuss the limitations and issues that need to be resolved prior to the clinical application of these adaptable CRISPR-based gene targeting tools. In conclusion, we present alternative strategies for enhancing gene targeting in HIV/AIDS gene therapy.

Despite the fact that the number of people who smoke has been on the decline all over the world, many smokers still find it difficult to give up smoking for good. There are a variety of tools for quitting smoking, including nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and electronic cigarettes, whose efficacy is still up for debate. Taking into account selection and confounding factors, the purpose of this study is to examine differences in successful smoking cessation based on the kind of aid used. We made use of the cross-sectional survey results from the 2017 French Health Barometer, which were collected by the Public Health Agency of France. We retrospectively collected three distinct findings regarding the relationship between e-cigarette use and NRT use: status of smoking six, twelve, and twenty-four months after the attempt to quit (yes vs. no). All of the results were weighted to be nationally representative and overlap weighting (OW) was used to control for propensity scores.