व्यवसाय और अर्थशास्त्र जर्नल

In essence, branding a country improves its profile and reputation, thereby enabling it to attract foreign direct investments while making it an ideal destination for tourism and trade. For this reason, governmental entities are beginning to employ branding strategies to sell their regions and countries to the rest of the world. This phenomenon has resulted in a new concept of marketing called place branding. With Kenya seeking to position itself as an attractive investment destination and with aspirations of becoming a middle-income country by the year 2030, it is essential to identify the critical place branding strategies and ensure these are incorporated into the country’s strategic plan (Vision 2030) in order to compete effectively against competition. Accordingly, the researchers extensively review existing literature relating to place branding. From the analysis, the authors propose a conceptual framework for strategic place branding for Kenya. The paper concludes by suggesting areas that future studies should address.

Including quarterly data from 1994-2004, and based on the classical theory of money policy and several empirical research, we have modelled the econometric model that indicate the relationship between money supply, exchange rate and inflation via CPI in the case of Mongolia. A series of tests have been done regarding to the true model. A positive finding is that the money supply and exchange rate have highly effects on inflation. This result may be developed in further study for the inflation targeting policy in Mongolia.

One of Indonesian culture that is an asset of the ancestors and must be preserved is batik. Almost every province of Indonesia has a unique batik. But not all regions of Indonesia can maintain and preserve the batik industry. One of the main problems in batik products in Jambi lies on marketing aspect. This research aims to design various marketing strategies (product, price, place, promotion). So that Jambi Indonesian batik can keep growing both local and international market. Researched as many as 10 SMEs Jambi batik by way of purposive sampling. Data were collected by using observation, interview and FGD to business owners, employees, cooperatives, and consumers. The research analysis was conducted qualitatively using interactive model. The result of this study pictures that batik entrepreneurs in Jambi comes from hereditary business, from generation to generation. The business potential is huge to be further improved. From marketing strategy including product strategy, price, distribution and promotion have been done. But it has not been done optimally. So it needs to do some improvements so that the strategy can be done more optimal. There are still some issues that need to be improved, such as from product strategy: it is necessary to plan batik innovation into ready-made clothing not only batik cloth. From price strategy: need to create cheap price that can compete with batik price from Java island. From the distribution strategy: the product should not just wait to find a wider market. From the promotion strategy: to better utilize the technology, in order to reach the overseas market. Through the improvement is intended for SMEs Jambi batik can face competition with other business sub-sectors. Thus Jambi batik continues to be preserved its existence.

Researchers in the quality assurance field used traditional techniques for increasing the organization income and take the most suitable decisions. Today they focus and search for a new intelligent techniques in order to enhance the quality of their decisions. This paper based on applying the most robust trend in computer science field which is data mining in the quality assurance field. The cases study which is discussed in this paper based on detecting and predicting the developed and developing countries based on the indicators. This paper uses three different artificial intelligent techniques namely; Artificial Neural Network (ANN), k-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Fuzzy k-Nearest Neighbor (FKNN). The main target of this paper is to merge between the last intelligent techniques applied in the computer science with the quality assurance approaches. The experimental result shows that proposed approaches in this paper achieved the highest accuracy score than the other comparative studies as indicates in the experimental result section.

In a depressed global Economy and characterized by a severe crisis in the global financial system, Islamic Finance was distinguished by its resilience to the crisis. The performance of Islamic Finance tools, such as stock indices, has been the subject of several academic researches. However, the results have been conducted so far are divergent on the outperformance or underperformance of this category of indices, hence the importance of this first analysis in this area. The article presents the analytical approach leading to different performance tests before presenting the Islamic market indices that constitute our scope. Our first results help us to demonstrate that Islamic indices are not less efficient than conventional indices.

This paper investigates the relationship between inflation, money and real output of Mongolia based on data from 1997 to 2006. The error correction model is used to establish the relationship. Causes for inflation would be explained by both approaches: non monetarist and monetarist. Results of the research indicate that there is the relationship between CPI, M2 and GDP. If the growth rate of the Mongolian economy is predictable, then a goal of long run price stability is feasible with the use of M2. In turn, low inflation would create an environment for more rapid economic growth.

This paper investigates the relationship between inflation, real money, exchange rate and real output based on data from 1997 to 2005. Vector auto regression analysis presented to establish the relationship. The results of the research indicate that the dynamics of inflation are affected by previous month exchange rate changes and money growth. It means that there is a need to lessen the influence of exchange rate expectation on economy and to improve efficiency of management of the monetary instrument.

In current time, a worst economic disaster continues from developed countries like United States of America, United Kingdom and Denmark etc., penetrate to other the countries and leave a negative impact on financial intuitions of developing countries. This economic disaster is the first biggest disaster in the history since the recession of 1928s in Japan. The major objective of this research to portray the picture of the effect of current situation of world financial disaster on stock exchanges of Pakistan (PSE) and China (SSE). For this purpose, facts and figures are collected from July 2004 to 30 June 2017 KSE-100 and SSE-100 index, it shows stock markets’ indicators of Pakistan and China respectively, are used to locate inconsistency, EGARCH model is used. This study unveils the negative shocks that have more prominent effect on the instability of Pakistan and China economy. These stock markets also faced persistent volatility clustering. In the current area, this financial disaster ended at adverse value of share and its payback and disturbs the Pakistani and China stock exchanges but this effect did not influence much to Shanghai stock exchange and other stock exchanges in China but there is no doubt these were shake by this market crutch.

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have played an imperative role in the economic activities of advanced industrialized countries like Great Britain Germany, Japan, and the United States of America. In developing countries like India, these industries or Enterprises have an enormous importance due to its high level employment potential with low capital cost. MSMEs are also supporting in industrialization of rural backward areas. This sector is also called the nursery of entrepreneurship. This study is regarding Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) of the India, an industrial backward state of India. In J&K large scale industries are present in small numbers; only MSMEs/SSI units are growing after a long gap of disturbance. From last two decades MSMEs/SSI have been growing in a satisfactory pace as per circumstances of the state. However these enterprises are facing different hurdles in overall growth and development like poor infrastructure, shortage of electricity, political instability and financial problems. Government is outlining different policies and schemes for the growth of this sector but unfortunately failing to complete their objectives. This paper will draw attention towards Growth, Challenges and Issues related to Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) of J&K.

The study was conducted to analyze the effect of diversification on portfolio risk management at Rwanda Social Security Board (RSSB). Both primary and secondary data were collected under this study in order to capture the total variation of the two variables. A sample of 84 respondents out of 124 was selected using Solvins formula to respond the structured questionnaire and structured interviews. After coding and editing the data was analyzed using SPSS where the overall mean and deviation was used to observe the perception from respondents. The researcher found there was a significance strong relationship between diversification of portfolio on portfolio risk management at RSSB where the Pearson correlation coefficient was found to be 0.964. However, recommendations given focusing on improvement of international diversification to reduce its portfolio risk, to reduce risks through the purchase of a mutual fund and should not directly invest in securities with maturities greater than the limits imposed by investment policy.

This study discusses the impact of human capital input and institutional factors on female staff productivity of Princess Norah University (PNU) in Saudi Arabia. A descriptive analysis model (Achieve) was used, consisting of seven individual and institutional factors. One sample T-Test, regression and correlation analysis tools were used. Main findings of the study were: Ability factor had the highest impact on PNU female staff productivity. Environment, Incentive, Validity and Evaluation factors had limited effect on female productivity in PNU. To boost the female staff productivity, the study recommended that more investment on human capital is required, promoting the work environment, developing the evaluation and incentive systems providing strong support for female staff by the university administration.

The aim of this study is to investigate the non-financial factors that affect the performance of SMEs in Jordan. The study identified six factors that extracted from previous studies to be examined in order to investigate their impact on the performance of SMEs in Jordan. The identified factors are: product and services, customers and markets, innovation and training, competition, Government policy and intervention and strategy. These factors can be utilized to recognize intricate and problematic areas so as to take corrections. The research population were all managers and employees in the furniture sector in Amman-Jordan. The population consists of the owner and the employees working at furniture sector in Amman city. The study used primary data that collected through survey designed to bring the required data. The finding of the research revealed that government policy, innovations and training, and competition were found to be significant in improving the performance of SMEs in Jordan, others factors were not found significant.

This study examines the advantages of local bamboo-based creative products that impact on the economic value and prosperity of the perpetrator the neighborhood community. Focus on the superiority of bamboo instruments with the case Saung Angklung Udjo (SAU), Bandung West Java Province, Indonesia. The qualitative descriptive approach is used, that is conducting in-depth interviews and documentary studies. Primary data are collected from key informants who know the history of SAU’s journey since its establishment up to now, consisting of owner, management, staff, craftsmen, players, observers/experts, visitors and stakeholders. Secondary data are collected from documents on SAU, whether from books, journals, reports, newsletters, the Internet and other qualitative data. The objective of the research is to answer the question of how SAU management can focus on bamboo musical instrument business which originally becomes international. The results show that SAU is an effort of traditional culture organization, unique and original region can have competitive advantage so that become cultural value of a nation that can lift image of region and nation of Indonesia besides can give economic impact, giving prosperity for perpetrator and environment of surrounding society.

This research attempts to study the impact of the counselling services in universities in Melaka. It should be noted that the need for counselling services is important to improve the quality of life of the students. This service has helped students to achieve academic achievement has been confirmed by several studies. Therefore, this research explained the potential of the counselling services to enhance the coping skills, social skills, study skills among students in pursuit of academic achievement and adjustment to campus life. This research has been done in 4 universities in Melaka, Malaysia with a total population of 564 students. As counselling is highly confidential and the students receiving the services will not be traced as researchers had to abide by the code of ethics of a counsellor. The study showed that school counselling interventions have a substantial impact on students’ educational and personal development. Individuals and small group counselling, classroom guidance and consultation activities seem to contribute directly to students success in classroom and beyond. School counsellors should spend the majority of their time performing these interventions.

The purpose of this paper is to understand the importance of corporate reputation (CR) how main intangible asset of a company. This study investigates the role of CR on optical three group’s stakeholders: cooperants, workers and customers on loyalty in cooperative organizations. This study proposes a theoretical model tested using structural equation modeling. 1200 valid questionnaires were collected from a three group samples: cooperants; workers and customers of the biggest dairy union of cooperatives in Iberia. CR has a significant impact on loyalty in three group’s stakeholders on organizations cooperatives. Corporate reputation is revealed as an intangible asset, constituting, as the pillar of organizational development by providing ability to compete in the market and generate profits. This study is based on three cross-sectional data from a dairy company. This is a topic that, given the multiplicity of possible approaches, it is even less studied the theoretical level as regards the analysis of corporate reputation with applicability in the various organizational stakeholders. The results give new guidelines to redress the cooperatives traditional management, namely the management of intangible assets like reputation. This paper contributes to the competitiveness of a type of organization closed to the social structure of the rural population. This research with three types of stakeholders (cooperants, customers and workers) power shall be constituted as an important contribution to the literature, for what has been analyzed only works strand of customers (external) and/or employees (internal). The results bring the management challenges of the 21st century to the traditional principles underlying cooperatives management helping them to reinforce competitiveness. The intangibility is always a difficult area of research, in which old doors close and new doors open.