व्यवसाय और अर्थशास्त्र जर्नल

In this article, we use Vasicek model to describe the stochastic processes for the investment return and deposit interest rate. We take into account time-varying correlation between investment return and deposit interest on the net premium of annuity. We then propose a model for pricing investment-linked annuity and evaluate the risk of mortality improvement. We use historical data from China and illustrate our model with numerical analyses. These analyses show that the risk of mortality improvement of immediate annuity is greater than that of deferred annuity except for whole life annuity. We also find that the risk of mortality improvement increases with the increase of duration of insurance.

The purpose of this research is to identify the possible interpretation of the Bangladeshi business leader's perception to negotiate with Chinese and Indians, probably not ever been explored by many researchers. A conceptual approach was developed from the personal interviews and based on the answer to the set questionnaire. How BATNA (Best Alternative to a Negotiated Agreement), mediator, corruption, legal issue and social context, face value, price strategy, complexity, and communication behaves mathematically and in the real world. Like, cultural complexity has a positive correlation with BATNA, which means it is more effective in complex societies as they always look for alternatives due to complexity in the decision-making process and for India, the effect would have been 28% against China has a degree of 54% reduces the corruption by more than 6% in China. At a length, explanation of this research carried out on basis of mixed-method will help us to understand what business leaders of Bangladeshi perceived regarding the business environment of China and India show the strategic approach to future trade and investment of those countries and bears equal significance to policymakers and negotiators around the globe.

With the development of international economic globalization, enterprises in various countries are carrying out transnational business activities with increasing frequency, and various forms of international investment activities have emerged. While actively participating in the global division of labor, they have also brought an impact on the international tax system. A large number of non-resident enterprises gain profits from transnational business activities, which also brings conflicts of tax jurisdiction between countries, which leads to conflicts between sovereign countries in the distribution of jurisdiction and the distribution of economic benefits with operators. The purpose of this paper is to select a brand-new perspective and study the feasibility of levying tax on Amazon overseas sellers from non-resident enterprises in the new socio-economic and legal environment. This paper mainly introduces the operation of Amazon overseas sellers on the Amazon platform in the United States, further analyzes the necessity of taxation for non-resident enterprises of Amazon overseas sellers in the United States, and then analyzes the tax collection of nonresident enterprises of Amazon overseas sellers in the United States. Finally, it studies the impact of taxation on American native buyers, as well as tax subsidies for native buyers and solutions to achieve a balanced situation.

The aim of this study was to identify the effect of service quality dimensions on customer satisfaction in medium level hotels of Debre Markos town. In this study, the customers’ perceptions of the seven service quality dimensions were examined to determine the level of customers’ satisfaction of hotels. To achieve the objectives of this study, the data were collected through standardized close ended questionnaire from a sample of 5 hotels out of the total of 15 medium level hotels in Debre Markos town. In order to select the sample size of hotels, the researcher used simple random sampling techniques using lottery method on account of the hotels’ homogenous characteristics. The data was collected from 305 respondents using self- administered questionnaires and the respondents were selected using convenience sampling method that was available to the researcher by virtue of its accessibility. The final response rate was 80?, and based on this, the analysis was made. In this study, both descriptive and explanatory research design was used. Descriptive statistical tools such as (frequency, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (correlation and multiple linear regression analysis) were used by applying SERVPERF model. The result of this study indicates that the five service quality dimensions (tangibility, assurance, responsiveness, core hotel benefits and corporate image) have positive and significant relationship with customer satisfaction except empathy and reliability. Based on the findings, the researcher recommended that hotels should hire self-motivated, enthusiastic employees who are capable of handling customers and solve complaints in an effective manner, provide continuous training to the employees on ways of rendering service in hotels, give due attention for their employees by providing the required uniforms, develop their core competencies and prepare service quality standard plans.

This study focuses on checking for the existence and strength of market discipline in based on different ownership structures of the banks. First, this article determines if depositors react rationally to risk levels depending on the bank's ownership type, and the second, if the strength of this responsiveness differs depending on the bank's ownership type. This study is based on the 38 banks in the Indian banking sector. Empirical testing is carried out using panel data analysis and various proxies to assess the riskiness of the banks. The analysis shows that market discipline exists regardless of the kind of ownership. However, its strength varies across different ownership structures of the banks. These findings are crucial for the orderly functioning of the banking system so that the bank managers do not take advantage of the market perception based on their state ownership.