Maria Klepper
The methods used to treat diseases using photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) rely on the use of photosensitizers, which are accumulated in cancer and cause growth to be disposed of after light illumination. The photosensitizer transforms into an energised state in response to an endless supply of light at a particular frequency. From there, it can return to the ground state either radiatively by fluorescence emission or non-radiatively through the arrival of nuclear power. Additionally, photosensitizers can react with cell components by moving electrons, which leads to the emergence of free revolutionaries, or they can transfer energy to oxygen by assembling extremely responsive singlet oxygen. In this way, photosensitizers can induce localised hyperthermia or oxidative stress on a malignant development cell. The viability of photothermal therapy is based on the enhanced reactivity of malignant development cells to heat up to 41-47°C.
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