Xizhi Wen, Ya Ding, Baoyan Zhu, Dandan Li, Jinjin Li, Yao Wang and Xiaoshi Zhang
Based on remarkable and sustained antitumor activity, the anti-CTLA-4 antibody ipilimumab, and anti-PD1 antibodies nivolumab and pembrolizumab have been approved for treatment of advanced melanoma. As checkpoint blockade is associated with potentially serious immune-related adverse events, including autoimmune hepatitis, clinical trials evaluating these agents have excluded patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Herein, we describe one patient with advanced melanoma and concomitant HBV infections experiencing seroconversion of HBsAg after treatment with combination of PD-1 and CTLA-4 blockade.
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