कला और सामाजिक विज्ञान जर्नल

Low−Intensity Functional Training and Supplemental Astaxanthin Reduce Adipokine Levels and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Obese Men

Abstract

Akber Nuri

This study looked at how 12 weeks of high-intensity exercise with astaxanthin supplementation affected adipokine levels, insulin resistance, and lipid profiles in obese individuals. Four groups of seventeen individuals each were formed randomly from the sixty-eight obese males: the control group (CG), the supplement group (SG), the training group (TG), and the training plus supplement group (TSG). Participants received astaxanthin or a placebo for 12 weeks (20 mg/daily tablet). High-intensity functional training (HIFT) sessions lasted 60 minutes each, three times each week, for a total of 36 sessions. Adipokines (CTRP9 and CTRP2) levels, growth differentiation factors 8 and 15 (GDF8 and GDF15), metabolic profiles, body composition, anthropometric measurements, and cardio-respiratory indices were assessed.